Berger



(No Model.) 3 SheetsShe'et 1.

J. H. SGHNARRENBERGER.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 409,710. g Q Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. H. SOHNARRENBERGER.

ADDING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

Nv PETERS, How-MW. Wmw, ILC.

J. H. SCHNARRENBBRGER.

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 409,710. Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

Attorney N. PEIERB, "do-W. Wlfllington. npc.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB H. SCI-INARRENBERGER, 'OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECTAND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO HIMSELF AND THOMAS REYNOLDS, OF

SAME PLACE.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,710, dated August27, 1889.

Application filed November 27, 1888. Serial No. 292,007. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JACOB I-I. SOHNARREN- BERGER, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and Stateof Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAdding-Machines, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements inadding-machines; and the object or purpose of the invention is tomechanically add together figures, whether the figures be arrc nged insingle columns or in numerous columns, in which latter instance all ofthe columns are added at the same time, so that the result will show afooting of all the columns just as if they had been added one column ata time, as is usually done.

The present invention is designed as an improvement upon the machine forwhich Letters Patent No. 391,430 were granted to me 011 October 23,1888, for adding-machines, and in two senses-first, in that of animproved or- 2 5 ganization, and, second, in that of an improvedconstruction respecting certain details, both of which will behereinafter more fully pointed out.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, andon which like reference-letters indicate corresponding parts, Figure 1represents a side elevation of my improved machine with one side of thecasing removed and certain of the parts in section;

Fig. 2, a plan view of the machine with a portion of the casing brokenaway in order to show some of the interior parts; Fig. 3, a side view ofone Of the adding-disks; Fig. at, a diametrical sectional view of twoadding-disks and two cam-disks, showing a portion of the main shaft andone of the engaging-dogs in elevation; Fig. 5, a side elevation of oneof the adding-disks with its engaging-dog and one of the cam-disks,looking from the opposite side of Fig. 2; Fig. 6, a detail view of oneof the keys, showing one of the key-levers in section; Fig. 7, aninverted plan view of a portion of the base, showing a cap whichsupports the key-spring; Fig. 8, a detail view of one of theactuating-anus; Fig. 9, a side elevation in detail of the actuating-arm,its pawl, the link, and a portion of akey-lever connected to the arm bysaid link, a portion of the arm and its supporting-lever being insection; and Figs. 10 and 11, diagrams of examples described inconnection with the operation of the machine.

A designates the general frame or casing of the machine, inclosing awooden or other suitc ble base B, and having a cover C, provided with asight-slot D. The side pieces of the casing, as seen at E in Fig. 2, arefashioned to form convenient bearings for the arbors F and G, whichcarry, respectively, a series of actuating-gears and a series ofalternating adding-disks and cam-disks. I will first describe theformer. These gears are designated by the letter II, of which there isone for each adding-disk, and the whole series is rotatably mounted onthe shaft F, each gear independ- 7o ently of the other. For each ofthese gears there is a key-lever I, extending from a suitable fulcrum Jpast its gear-wheel to the front of the machine, where it is engaged atintervals by keys K, as seen in Fig. 1. These levers I are each normallysustained in the position shown in Fig.1 by a spiral or other form ofspring L for each lever, so that after the lever is depressed in themanner hereinafter pointed out it will automatically return to itsnormal position ready for another depression. To each of these levers isalso connected an actuating-arm M, as by a link 0. (See Figs. 1 and 9.)These arms are composed of two members, as seen in Fig. 8, which 8 5embrace a gear-wheel and pivot upon the arbor F. The free ends of thesearms carry spring-actuated pivoted pawls P, which engage with the teethof the respective gearwheels H during the descent of the respecto ivelevers I, so as to partially rotate said gear-wheels, each pawl skippingover the teeth of the wheels during the return movement of the levers I,coincident to which movement is the return movement of the arms 5 Mthrough the link-connection O.

It is important that the normal or elevated position of the arms M shallbe at a certain predetermined and fixed altitude. For this purpose Iprovide a series of adjustable stops I00 consisting of screws Q, fittedto threaded openings in a rib or boss R of the casing A, and providedeach with a jam-nut S. Any other form of stop would do; but thisconstruction is convenient, because it admits of adjusting the stop tocompensate for any wear that may take place in the parts, so that thepawls'P will always move the gears H the same proportion of arevolution. partial rotations is to impart an intermittent rotation tothe adding-disks U by meshing with the gear wheels or rims V, carried bythe adding-disks U. These wheels or rims are prevented from accidentalrotation or revolving too far, as a result of momentum, by means in Fig.1, an anti-friction roller X being. carried by the detent of properdiameter to drop between the teeth of the rim V and roll out of the samewhen the rim is rotated. These detents are pivoted at Y and actuated bya spring Z, the pivot being sustained by a block a, detachably held in arib or web I) by a setscrew c.

Each adding-disk U is provided upon its periphery with the numerals 0 to9, running through the series, as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Thesefigures are termed groups, of which groups there are five upon theperiphery of each disk. One side of each disk is provided with fiftyratchet or crown teeth d, formed onv the face of the gear-rim V oppositeto the pre-v ceding disk tothe right, as seen in Figs. 2 and 4. Eachadding-disk, save the last one to the left, is provided on the sideopposite to the said crown-teeth of the next disk with an engaging-doge, occupying the position illustrated in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, and pivotedat f, a spring 9 serving to keep the anti -friction roller h, carried bythe heel of the dog, in contact with the adjacent face of a fixedcamdisk 'i, having inclined cam-surfaces j at such intervals as willcause the dog to be thrown into engagement with the crown-teeth of thenext disk to the left as 9 on the disk carrying the dog c moves from and0 appears opposite the sight-slot. From this it will be understood thatwhen a dog is thus moved laterally one adding-disk is locked orpositively engaged with the other4l. a, an adding-disk to the right isengaged with the next adding-disk to the left, whereby the move-- mentof the one to the right causes the one to the left to move.

It should be observed that, there being but five of the cam-surfaces jupon each of the disks 1', and there being about as much space betweenthe vertical terminations of any two of said cam-surfaces as there isdistance between ten of the teeth (I on the adding-disks, anengaging-dog e will be projected once at every ten movements of eachdisk, or, in other words, will be projected only when 0 of its diskreaches the point where the figures are read in adding, and thereforethat one adding-disk will only project its dog into engage-. ment withthe next adding-disk and move the The result of these would observe thatthey are preferably ar-' ranged at a tangent to the periphery of thedisks '1'.

From Fig. 4 it will be seen that each camdisk 1 has a collar 1 whichfits upon the shaft or arbor G and is held against rotation by aset-screw h, and also that each adding-disk has a similar collar 70,which turns 011 the collar of the cam-disk adjacent to the addingdisk tothe right. This is a very feasible construction, as it admits-ofproperly spacing the addingdisks and cam-disks relatively by turning theedges of the collars to suit the desired spaces; therefore, while theaddingdisks are mounted upon the arbor G, they are only indirectly somounted. The last collar 1" to the right in Fig. 4 has the disk portionomitted.

Referring now to the keys K, it will be seen from Figs. 1 and 6 thattheir lower portions are longitudinally slotted to receive the levers Iand to allow the movement of each lever I when actuated by any key inany particular row without disturbing the other keys in that row. A pinZ by coming in contact with the portion of the general frame of themachine, prevents each key from being raised too high by its spring. I

The lower ends of the keys are fitted to vertical openings in the baseB, and are normally supported and returned to normal position by spiralsprings l, a washer m being interposed to keep the springs from catchingin the slots in the keys. The lower ends of these openings are closed bya suitable capplate 0, hinged to the bottom of the base B, so as to beremovable from beneath the holes, as seen in Figs. 1 and 7, so as toremove the springs should they become unduly compressed and require tobe repaired or replaced by new ones. This feature of construction savestaking the frame of the machine apart to remove the keys so as to thenremove the springs.

It is necessary that the keys should have stops to limit their descent,and it is convenient that these stops should ,be adjustable. Theserequisites are complied with by means of the collars p, screwed upon theupper ends of the keys, which are vertically slotted, as seen in Fig. 1.The key-caps, carrying the numerals, are fitted upon the collars p.

From Fig. 2 it will be seen that there are nine rows of keysa row toeach addingdisk-and that each row is composed of nine keys, (designated1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 consecutively.)

I will now give an example of the operation of the machine. Referring tothe diagram, Fig. 10, in which $101.04are to be added to $95.00, theoperator depresses key marked 4 at the extreme right hand, which movesthe first disk to the right from 0 to 4, presenting 4 in the sight-slot.0 being the next figure,

IIO

and there being no key designated or marked 0, he does not disturb thesecond disk to the left. In the third or hundreds order he depresses thekey marked 1, which moves the disk one space and presents 1 in thesightslot instead of O. The next figure being 0, he does not disturb thefourth or thousands disk for the above reason. The next figure being 1,he depresses the key marked 1 in the fifth order, and moves that diskone space and presents 1 in the sight-slot. The figures will then read$101.04. Going on up the column in the example, he observes 5 in thethird or hundreds order. The operator then depresses the key marked 5 inthe third order, which moves the third disk five spaces, which, added tothe one space already moved from 0, presents 6 in the slot. The next keyhe depresses is marked 9 in the fourth order, which moves the fourthdisk from 0 to 9. Thus $196.04, the sum of $101.04 and $95.00, is shownin the slot.

Another example is given in diagram Fig. 11, to add which the units-keymarked 1 is depressed, which movcs the units-adding disk one notch. Theunits-key marked 2 is then depressed, which moves the said disk twonotches farther, making three notches in all. The units-key marked 3 isthen depressed, which moves the disk three notches fart-her, making sixin all, and, finally, the unitskey marked 4: is depressed, which movesthe disk four notches farther, making ten in all, which will bring 0 onthe units-disk to View through the sight-slot. As 9 passes from the slot0 appears therein. The engagingdog (2 is projected outward, by means ofacam j on the disk 2'', into the teeth (I of the next disk to the left,and said disk is moved one notch, which will bring the numeral 1 in saidslot. Thus 1 and 0 appear, designating 10, the sum or result of the saidexample.

It will be observed that the number of disks illustrated is nine, whichwill permit the addition of figures the sum of which will amount to$9,999,999.99. Of course this is not the limit, as additional disks willcarry out the sum.

There are various features of construction herein described which may bereadily changed without departing from my invention. I do not,therefore, wish to be confined to these comparatively minor'matters. Anessential of my invention, however, resides in the interposition ofactuating-gears between the key-levers and the adding-disks, combinedwith the necessary adjuncts to impart motion to these gears and transmitit from them to the adding-disks.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an addingunachine, the combination,

with an arbor, a series of independent rotatable adding disks mountedthereon and respectively bearing groups of figures from O to 9,inclusive, and provided each with an annular row of teeth on one side,and a dog pivoted to the side opposite the teeth, save on the last diskto the left, and a fixed cam between each two of the rotatable disksmounted on said arbor, the cam-surfaces of said disks being opposite thenumerals O and 9 to throw the dog of one disk into engagement with theteeth 011 the next disk to move it from O to 1 as the first-named diskpasses from 9 to 0, of a like series of independent gear-wheels meshingwith the adding-disks, respectively, a pivoted key-lever for each disk,a pivoted actuatingarin connected to each lever and carrying a pawlwhich engages with the adjacent gearwheels, a spring to return eachkey-lever to normal position, keys for each key-lever agreeing with thegroups of figures on the respective disks, and a locking-pawl for eachdisk.

2. In an adding-machine, the combination, with a series of independentrotatablymounted adding-disks respectively bearing groups of figuresfrom 0 to 9, inclusive, and provided each with an annular row ofcrownteeth on one side and a gear-rim on the other side, a fixedcam-disk between each two of the rotatable disks, and an engaging-dogcarried by each of said adding-disks (save the last one to the left) andarranged to be actuated by said cam-disks to engage the crown-teeth ofthe next disk to the left to move said disk to the left from 0 to 1 asthe first-named disk moves from 9 to 0, of a series of independentgearwheels meshing, respectively, with the gearteeth of theadding-disks, a pivoted key-lever and a pivoted arm for each gear-wheel,connected together and arranged to actuate the gear-wheel by adepression of the lever, stops to limit the upward movement of saidarms, and a detent to prevent the adding-disks from accidentallyrotating.

3. In an adding-machine, the combination, with an arbor, of a series ofindependent rotatable adding-disks, each carrying at one side an annularseries of gear-teeth and a like series of crown-teeth, and at the otherside a spring actuated'and engaging dog, and a series of fixed cam-disksmounted between the adding-disks and having cam-surfaces by which saiddogs are projected into engagement with said crown-teeth, the gear-teethadmitting of the adding disks being actuated by the gearwheels.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J. H. SCHNARRENBERGER.

Witnesses:

J. O. COVERT, L. S. BACON.

